Иностранный язык в профессиональной сфере (итоговый + компетентностный) магистратура 1 семестр

Введение в курс
Тема 1. Legal System (Законодательная система)
Тема 2. Law enforcement (Органы правопорядка)
Тема 3. The Legislative branch in the UK (Законодательная ветвь власти в Великобритании)
Тема 4. The Legislative Branch in Russia (Законодательная ветвь власти в России)
Заключение
Итоговая аттестация
Итоговый тест
Компетентностный тест

Итоговый тест

… law is the aspect of law which emanates from and has effect on members of a specific state
Municipal
Local
Interior

Law enforcement is primarily the responsibility of…
state police agencies
local police agencies
national police agency
private security

Most counties in the United States are patrolled by a … department under the leadership of an elected official
sheriffs
police
constable’s
state police

Written laws are those laws that have been validly enacted by the … of a country
legislature
judiciary
executive

Constitutional courts of constituent entities resolve issues of …
compliance with the constituent entity’s laws
national authorities
political divisions

Two bodies of the British Parliament are …
The Senate and the House of Representatives
The House of Lords and the House of Commons
The Legislative and Executive branches
The House of Commoners and the House of Lords

Early Roman law was drawn from … and statutes, but later during the times of the empire, the emperors asserted their authority as the ultimate source of law
custom
cases
tales

In Russia, the courts c have … levels
four
five
six

In Russia, the courts of general jurisdiction have … levels
four
five
six

In Russia, the two chambers of the legislature also have the power to override a presidential … of legislation
veto
vote
election

In the UK, every citizen aged 18 or over can vote once in the … in which they live
Special powers of the State Duma are enumerated in the …
Constitution
Local acts
Federal acts

In the UK, the key responsibility of the upper chamber is
to create bills
to regulate taxes
to decide the fate of criminals
to suspend bills passed in the lower chamber

he duties of police officers include … (choose 3 correct answers)
highway patrol
traffic enforcement
patrol of small towns
serve civil process

The State Commercial Courts in Russia are called …
Arbitrazh
Commercials
Labour

The Archbishop discusses the implications of some interpretations of Western … legal systems
holy
secular
religious

The most accurate definition for the Rule of Law is …
“a rule made by Parliament”
“guidance on how rules should be applied”
“the law must be made up of strict rules with punishment for breach of those rules”
“an idealistic concept of how the legal system should function to further civilized society”

The … of the Russian Federation is the highest judicial body for civil, criminal and administrative cases, cases for economic disputes and other cases
Supreme Court
Constitutional Court
Administrative Court

The building where the British Parliament sits is called …
Big Ben
Westminster
Downtown

The … of the Russian Federation is a judicial body of constitutional review, which independently exercises judicial power by means of constitutional judicial proceedings
Supreme Court
Constitutional Court
Administrative Court

The Supreme Court acts as a … court in cases where regulatory acts of the president of the Russian Federation, are challenged
trial
commercial
turned

Traditionally, members of the British police must gain a certain level of academic … at school and undergo a period of intensive training
qualifications
certificates
aptitude

In the UK, the Commons is chaired by the …
queen
speaker
chairman

It is not correct that … belongs to the courts of the general jurisdiction
trial court
mediation court
court of cassation appeal
court of supervisory appeal

It is not correct that … is a service performed by forensics
care for the sick and injured
examine and analyse evidence from crime scenes
assist in the investigation and prosecution of perpetrators of crime

… regulates the relationship between different independent countries and is usually in the form of treaties, international customs
National relationship
International relationship
Domestic relationship

One of the most discussed powers of the police is the power to question or … persons suspected of crime
interview
look for
send off

Any criminal trial begins with the …
opening arguments of the defense attorney
interviewing the witnesses
selection of the jury

Roman civil law allowed great … in adopting new ideas or extending legal principles in the complex environment of the empire
rigidity
flexibility
partiality

Traditionally, members of the British police must gain a certain level of academic … at school and undergo a period of intensive training
qualifications
certificates
aptitude

A correctional facility for young offenders or delinquents, often under the supervision of a special court. is called … detention
juvenile

The first Parliament of the UK was called together in …
1530
1465
1160
1265

… is a typical responsibility of the county sheriffs office
Operating a jail
Responding to calls in a municipality
Talking to criminals in the criminal and civil process

In the UK, … is considered the “upper chamber”
the House of Lords
the House of Knights
the House of Commons
the Senate

Religions have much to say about right and wrong, but believers can sometimes be torn between the laws of their country and those of their …
rule
faith
order

Due to the necessary repairs the House of Commons will move to … House and the House of Lords will relocate to the Queen Elizabeth II conference center
Richmond
Salisbury
York

In the UK, MPs are elected every … years
three
four
five

In the UK, “lower chamber” …
creates bills
votes on legislation
it has no real power
holds the power to dissolve the government

Match people to their descriptions:
Pickpocket
Thief
Juvenile delinquent
Intruder
a thief who steals from people’s pockets in transit or in crowds
somebody who steals
a minor who commits a crime
a person who enters a house or business illegally

Match the words with the definitions:
An amendment
A bill
A clause
A debate
a change to the wording of a Bill or a motion that is proposed by an MP or member of the House of Lords
a proposal for a new law, or a proposal to significantly change an existing law
part of a Bill
a formal discussion of a specific proposal (motion) in the House of Commons or House of Lords

Match the words with their definitions:
Escape
Bail
Back-up
Cell
get away from a holding place
large amount of money that someone pays as a promise to appear in court
police that are called in to support or help
individual room in a jail or prison

Match the words with the definitions:
Judiciary
Legislature
Juror
the branch of government which administers justice according to law
an assembly with the authority to make laws for a political entity such as a country or city
one of a group of persons sworn to deliver a verdict in a case submitted to them; member of a jury

Match the words with their definitions:
clerk
Budget
The Cabinet
Frontbencher
the senior permanent official of Parliament who advises on procedure and records the decisions of the house, and is the administrative head of the Parliament Secretariat
a plan placed before Parliament each year showing what money the government expects to receive (revenue) and how the government wants to spend it (expenditure)
the team of ministers in the Government who are chosen by the Prime Minister to lead on specific policy areas
either a Government minister or an Opposition shadow spokesperson

Match the courts with their functions:
District courts
Arbitration courts
The Supreme Court of the Russian Federation
The Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation
handle most civil, criminal and administrative cases
hear cases dealing with a wide matter of contractual issues, such as rights of ownership, contract changes, performance of obligations, etc.
heads the system of courts of general jurisdiction and the system of commercial courts
resolves cases regarding the constitutionality of normative legal acts of all levels

Arrange the police officers according to their rank in the UK (start from the highest rank):
Chief Constable
Chief Superintendent
Chief Superintendent
Inspector
Chief Constable

Arrange the historical documents chronologically starting from last to first:
Constitution of Sparta
Roman Twelve Tables of Law
Code of Justinian
Magna Carta

Arrange chronologically according to the establishment date:
The US Congress
The UK Parliament
The European Court of Human Rights
The Federal Assembly (Russia)

Arrange the commercial courts in Russia according to their hierarchy (start from the lowest ones):
The Supreme Commercial Court of the Russian Federation
Commercial cassation courts
Commercial appellate courts
Commercial courts of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation

Arrange the courts in the UK according to their hierarchy (start from the lowest ones):
Magistrates’ courts
Crown court
Court of Appeal
Supreme Court

Arrange the police officers according to their rank in the UK (start from the lowest rank):
Sergeant
Assistant Chief Constable
Deputy Chief Constable
Chief Constable

Arrange the milestone documents chronologically starting from last to first:
The Universal Declaration on Human Rights
The Russian Federation Constitution
The Bill of Rights (UK)
The US Declaration of Independence

Some countries use a method of election called … representation which means that there is a reasonable correlation between the percentage of votes cast for a particular political party and the number of seats or representatives won by that party
…

The term common law means the law developed by the old common law courts of the King’s Bench, the Courts of Common Pleas and the Courts of …
…

… law, also known as private law, regulates disputes between private individuals or entities
…

The jurisdiction of the State Duma includes deciding the issue of confidence in the … of the Russian Federation
…

The British Parliament, often referred to as the “… of Parliaments,” consists of the sovereign, the House of Lords, and the House of Commons.
…

Before submitting a … with an arbitrazh court, a party may have to comply with a pretrial claim procedure
…

In the UK, since 1945, there has been the … Convention that the House of Lords will not oppose a measure that was specifically mentioned in the last election manifesto of the political party forming the Government
…

In the UK, currently there is a … Government in power
…

A … is an order that serves as a specific type of authorization and is regarded as a writ issued by a competent officer that permits an otherwise illegal act that would violate individual rights
…

Writ “…” is Latin for “you may have the body”
…

The part of the legal system that relates to punishing people who break the law is called the … law
…

In Russia, … laws shall be adopted by the State Duma
…

The … of the Russian Federation may take a decision on the resignation of the Government of the Russian Federation
…

One unique feature of policing approach in Russia is the system of territorial … over citizens
…

… law is the area of the law that covers most civil suits in the UK
…

A chief … is a police officer in charge of the police in a particular area
…

Judges may be citizens of the Russian Federation over … years of age with a higher education in law
…

The British Parliament – like that of larger countries – is …; it has two chambers
..l

In the UK, there is no fixed number of members in the House of … and the number fluctuates because of deaths, retirements and new appointments
…

In the UK, nowadays, almost all the members of House of Lords are life …
…

The purpose of … law is to regulate the relationship between States and, therefore, it is binding upon States
…

A … is a place for the purpose of imprisoning someone, typically someone who has been convicted of a minor offense or someone who is awaiting trial for the crime they are accused of having committed
…

The principles of the … developed into the laws of Henry II
…

The most evident and common agency that enforces the law in most of the countries of the world is the …
…

The term “…” can generally be defined as any proceeding over which a judge presides
…

The … of the Government of the Russian Federation may raise before the State Duma the issue of no-confidence to the Government of the Russian Federation
…

The International Criminal … investigates and, where warranted, tries individuals charged with the gravest crimes of concern to the international community
…



Компетентностный тест

According to Article 13 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation the principle of political pluralism is enshrined. What does it mean?
Pluralism as a political philosophy is the recognition and affirmation of diversity within a political body, which is seen to permit the peaceful coexistence of different interests, convictions, and lifestyles. The ban is established on the recognition of any ideology as official. The freedom of political opinions and actions is proclaimed. The basis for the existence of a multi-party system in the country has been approved
Pluralism as a political philosophy is the recognition and affirmation of diversity within a political body, which is seen to permit the peaceful coexistence of different interests, convictions, and lifestyles. The rights and freedoms of man and citizen are recognized
Pluralism as a political philosophy is the recognition and affirmation of diversity within a political body, which is seen to permit the peaceful coexistence of different interests, convictions, and lifestyles. There is no state religion. The rights and freedoms of man and citizen are recognized

A 30-year-old man is arrested and detained by police officers on suspicion that he has stolen a car. He was seen by the neighbour, who says he went to the same school as him, and who reported it to the police. The police take the man to the local police station, where they intend to interrogate him about the suspected offence. Assess if he has a right to a lawyer and, if so, at what point in the process that right applies according to the RF laws.
He doesn’t have a right to a state lawyer. If he has money, he can have a private lawyer. He is allowed to remain silent until the lawyer arrives
He has a right to a lawyer. If he has no lawyer of his own, he will be assigned a state lawyer. He is allowed to remain silent until the lawyer arrives
He has a right to a lawyer. If he has no lawyer of his own, he will be assigned a state lawyer. He is to be interviewed at the moment when he comes to the police department even in the absence of his lawyer

Read the following piece of the text about the USA: Senate Bill X has passed out of the Senate. Senators were happy with the way that it was drafted and did not amend it at all. It has gone through the committee review process in the House of Delegates. An amendment was made, and the Delegates agreed that the amendment made the bill much better, so they passed it out of the House. What may happen at this point?
First, the House will report the passage of the bill to the Senate and request their concurrence in the amendments. Next, the Senate will vote on whether or not they agree with the changes that the House has made. If they do agree, the bill moves on to be signed into law by the Governor. At this point, the Senate is not allowed to request that the House recede from their amendments or withdraw the amendments that they passed. The House doesn’t vote on whether or not to recede from their amendment
First, the House will report the passage of the bill to the Senate and request their concurrence in the amendments. The Senate may also request that the House recede from their amendments or withdraw the amendments that they passed. The House then votes on whether or not to recede from their amendment
First, the House will report the passage of the bill to the Senate and request their concurrence in the amendments. Next, the Senate will vote on whether or not they agree with the changes that the House has made. If they do agree, the bill moves on to be signed into law by the Governor. At this point, the Senate may also request that the House recede from their amendments or withdraw the amendments that they passed. The House then votes on whether or not to recede from their amendment

Law of the Twelve Tables, Latin Lex XII Tabularum, the earliest written legislation of ancient Roman law, traditionally dated 451–450 BC. The Twelve Tables allegedly were written by 10 commissioners at the insistence of the plebeians, who felt their legal rights were hampered by the fact that court judgments were rendered according to unwritten custom preserved only within a small group of learned patricians. According to the Law of the Ten Tables, what was to be done to a person found guilty of giving false testimony?
A person who had been found guilty of giving false witness shall be killed by his enemy
A person who had been found guilty of giving false witness shall be sent to prison for 10 long years
A person who had been found guilty of giving false witness shall be hurled down from the Tarpeian Rock

A legislature is an assembly with the authority to make laws for a political entity such as a country or city. They are often contrasted with the executive and judicial powers of government. What is the difference in the legislative system of the Russian Federation and the United Kingdom?
The executive power is vested in the Federal Assembly. It consists of 2 chambers. The Upper Chamber is Council of Federation; the lower chamber is the State-Duma. A bill must be approved by both Chambers and signed by the president than it becomes a law. The President may veto the bill. The United Kingdom is not a constitutional monarchy. Britain is administered from the palace of Westminster in London. Parliament is made up of two chambers – the House of Commons and the House of Lords
The legislative power is vested in the Federal Assembly. It consists of 2 chambers. The Upper Chamber is Council of Federation; the lower chamber is the State-Duma. A bill must be approved by both Chambers and signed by the president than it becomes a law. The President may veto the bill. The United Kingdom is a constitutional monarchy. Britain is administered from the palace of Westminster in London. Parliament is made up of two chambers – the House of Commons and the House of Lords
The legislative power is vested in the Federal Assembly. It consists of 2 chambers. The Upper Chamber is Council of Federation; the lower chamber is the State-Duma. A bill must be approved by both Chambers and signed by the president than it becomes a law. The President may veto the bill. The United Kingdom is a federal republic. Britain is administered from the palace of Westminster in London. Parliament is made up of two chambers – the House of Commons and the House of Lords

Imagine your American friend decided to become a police officer in the USA. What steps should he make?
It’s a seven-step hiring process. The first step is an online questionnaire. After that you take the written test and once you pass it, you move to the next step. The third step is the polygraph, after which you are sent to the department interview and the medical interview. A background investigator will do an approximate three-month-long investigation where they look at every place you’ve ever lived, every employer that’s ever hired you, your references, your neighbours, your friends
It’s a six-step hiring process. The first step is an online questionnaire. After that you take the written test and once you pass it, you move to the next step. The third step is the polygraph, after which you are sent to the department interview and the medical interview. They’ll study your social media accounts, everything that you can possibly think of, to make sure that we really know who we’re hiring
It’s a five-step hiring process. The first step is an online questionnaire. After that you take the written test and once you pass it, you move to the next step. The third step is the polygraph, after which you are sent to the department interview and the medical interview

Some of the different types of government include a direct democracy, a representative democracy, socialism, communism, a monarchy, an oligarchy, and an autocracy. What characterizes the Republican form of government established by the Constitution of the Russian Federation?
Work and health of people are protected. A guaranteed minimum wage is established. State support is provided for the family, motherhood, fatherhood and childhood, the disabled and the elderly
The highest authorities are elected or appointed for a fixed term. State pensions, allowances and other guarantees of social protection are established
The head of state is elected by the people. The highest authorities are elected or appointed for a fixed term

Intentions are mental states in which the agent commits themselves to a course of action. According to the Roman law, did the intention produce legal consequences?
The basis for Roman law was the idea that the exact form, not the intention, of words or of actions produced legal consequences. Romans recognized that there are witnesses to actions and words, but not to intentions
The basis for Roman law was the idea that the intention, not the form produced legal consequences. Romans recognized that there are witnesses to intentions as well as to actions and words
The basis for Roman law was the idea that the intention, the words and the form produced legal consequences. Romans recognized that there are witnesses to intentions as well as to actions and words